Being Removed from the UK: The Critical Differences Between Deportation and Removal

When it comes to immigration, there are two terms often heard in the UK: deportation and removal. Although these terms are sometimes used interchangeably in everyday language, they refer to quite different legal processes. In this article, we clearly explain the differences between these two concepts, especially for Turkish citizens who wish to live in the UK or are already residing there.

What Is Deportation?

Deportation is a formal process applied when the UK Home Office deems it in the public interest to remove a person from the country. It typically arises in the following situations:

• The person has been convicted of a serious criminal offense,

• Automatic deportation rules apply due to the offense,

• A family member has been deported, and the person is being considered for deportation alongside them.
  
  

For individuals subject to a deportation order, the re-entry ban is usually indefinite. This means that before they can return to the UK, they must submit a formal application to have the deportation order lifted.

What Is Removal?

Removal generally applies to individuals who are in the UK without a visa or legal status. Situations covered under this include:

• Overstayers whose visa has expired but who remain in the country,

• Individuals who entered the UK by deception or without declaring their presence,

• Those who violated visa conditions (e.g., working without permission).
  
  

Unlike deportation, removal is typically used for less serious immigration breaches, and individuals may reapply to return to the UK after a certain period. However, entry bans ranging from 1 to 10 years may still apply depending on the circumstances.

Differences Between Deportation and Removal

Re-entry Bans

Individuals removed or deported from the UK may face re-entry bans ranging from 12 months to 10 years, depending on the severity of past immigration breaches. In cases of deportation, a 10-year ban is standard, but even after that period ends, return is not guaranteed.

Who Is at Risk?

• Individuals whose visas have expired but who have not left the UK,

• Those who entered without a visa or using false documents,

• Individuals working illegally in the UK,

• Foreign nationals with criminal convictions.
  

In such cases, both removal and, in more serious instances, deportation may be applied.

What to Do If You’re Facing Deportation or Removal?

If you are facing deportation or removal from the UK, it is crucial to seek professional help from an immigration adviser or solicitor without delay. Incorrect applications or false information can completely eliminate your chances of re-entering the UK in the future.